A black hole is a region of spacetime, has no locally detectable features, there are four types of black holes, has two basic parts, it comes into being after the death of a massive star.

The Black Hole:

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>Definition:

1. A black hole is a region of spacetime where gravity is so strong that nothing can escape from it, even light cannot escape.
2. {*Spacetime = Any four-dimensional mathematical model which fuses the three dimensions of space and the one dimension of time. It explains how the universe works.
3. The boundary of the black hole from which no escape is possible is called the event horizon.
4. According to general relativity black hole has no locally detectable features.
5. As it does not reflects any light. So it acts like an ideal black-body.
6. {* Black-body = An idealized physical body that absorbs radiation in all frequencies.
7. A black body, not only absorbs but it also can emit radiations, known as Black body radiations.
8. Black hole is not a single body that is present in the space, but there are approximately ten million black holes in the milky-way . 

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>General Characteristics of Black hole:

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1. The idea of black hole was briefly proposed by astronomical pioneer John Michell in a letter published in November 1784. 
2. The first modern solution of general relativity that would describe a black hole was found by Karl Schwarzschild in year 1916.
3. These black holes are often referred to as Schwarzschild black holes.
4. In 1916 Karl Schwarzschild discovered the solution of Einstein's field equations (EFE) of general relativity.
5. {*Karl Schwarzschild = He was a German physicist, astronomer and he was also the father of astrophysicist Martin Schwarzschild.
6. In spite of the fact that its understanding as a region of space from which nothing can escape was first published by David Finkelstein in year 1958.
7. Albert Einstein first predicted the existence of black holes with his general theory of relativity in 1916.
8. The term "black hole" was coined by an American astronomer John Wheeler in 1967. After several years of black holes being known only as theoretical objects.
9. For the very first time in year 1971, it was physically identified as a black hole.
10. Black holes have an improper surface.
11. The black hole is 6.5 billion times more massive than the Sun.
12. The shadow of the black hole is about five and a half times (5x1/2) larger than the event horizon.
13. A black hole is a region in space where the pulling force of gravity is so strong that light is not able to escape.
14. This hole takes place at the end of a star's life.
15. The strong gravity in the Black hole occurs because matter has been pressed into a tiny space/area .
16. Some black holes are a result of dying stars.
17. According to one theory, within a black hole there's something called a singularity. A singularity is what all the matter in a black hole gets crushed into.
18. But on the other hand, others say that the singularity is actually a whole surface inside the event horizon.
19. They are so much dangerous inside their event horizon (the boundary marking the black hole's limits).
20. Here inside the event horizon, the escape velocity is equal to the speed of light.

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>Types of Black hole:

                         There are four types of black holes, given below;

• Stellar Black hole¦

1. It is a black hole formed by the gravitational collapse of a star.
2. These black holes are also referred to as collapsars.
3. A typical stellar-class of black hole has a mass between about 3 and 10 solar masses.
4. Karl Schwarzschild was first who discovered them.

• Intermediate Black hole¦

1. It is a class of black hole with mass in the range 100–100,000 solar masses.
2. These are significantly massive than stellar black holes.
3. Intermediate black holes were discovered on 9th of July 2012.
4. Its discovery was announced by the team at the CSIRO radio telescope in Australia.

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• Supermassive Black hole¦

1. Supermassive black hole is the largest type of black hole.
2. These black holes weigh 100,000 to billions of solar masses, are found in the centers of most galaxies, including our milky-way.
3. Sir Roger Penrose  proved black holes are real objects.
4. {* Sir Roger Penrose = He is a mathematician, philosopher of science and Nobel Laureate in Physics.

• Miniature Black hole¦

1. Micro black holes, also called quantum mechanical black holes or mini black holes.
2. The concept that black holes may exist that are smaller than stellar mass was introduced in year 1971 by Stephen Hawking.
3. These are hypothetical tiny black holes.

>Formation and Evaporation:

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1. A black hole comes into being after the death of a massive star.
2. When such a star has depleted the internal thermonuclear fuels in its center toward an amazing finish.
3. The center gets shaky/unstable and gravitationally implodes internal upon itself and the star's external layers are overwhelmed.
4. Once a black hole has formed, it can continue to grow by absorbing additional matter.
5. Any black hole will continually absorb gas and interstellar dust from its surroundings.
6. {*Interstellar dust = It is a type of cosmic dust.
7. There are few types of cosmic dust according to its astronomical location: intergalactic dust, interstellar dust, interplanetary dust and circumplanetary dust.
8. {* Cosmic dust = Extraterrestrial dust or Space dust. It is dust which exists in outer space or has fallen on Earth.
9. In year 1974, Stephen Hawking predicted that black holes are not entirely black but emit small amounts of thermal radiation.
10. The black holes are expected to shrink and evaporate over time as they lose mass by the emission of photons and other particles (Hawking's theory).
11. A supermassive black hole with a mass of 10^11 (100 billion) M☉ will evaporate in around 2×10^100 years.
12. {*M☉ = It is the solar mass and is a standard unit of mass in astronomy, equals to approximately 2×10^30 kg.
13. A black hole of mass equal to sun, takes 10^63(Vigintillion) years to vanish (It is much longer than the current age of the Universe).
14. A black hole with the mass of a car would have a diameter of about 10^−24 m and takes a nanosecond to evaporate.

>Color of Black hole:

1. Black holes absorb all surrounding matter, light and energy within a certain proximity.
2. For the reason of absorbing , these celestial/heavenly objects emit no light and therefore they don't have a color.

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>Structure:

                         Followings are the two basic parts to a black hole.

• Event horizon¦

1. The event horizon is like a shell around the black hole.
2. It is the point of no return around the black hole.
3. The term "event horizon" was coined by Wolfgang Rindler who was a physicist in the field of general relativity.  
4. It is not a physical surface, but a sphere surrounding the black hole.
5. Here the escape velocity is equal to the speed of light.

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• Singularity¦

1. Singularity is actually a whole surface inside the event horizon.
2. It is one-dimensional point which contains a huge mass in an infinitely small space.
3. Here the density and gravity become infinite and space-time curves infinitely.
4. Here in side the singularity, the laws of physics cease to operate/stops working .
5. It is a part of black hole where all the matter gets crushed .

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