Nigeria the country

Nigeria the country, is richest African state, Lagos is the most populous city, English is the official language, Nigeria is a federal republic, with executive power exercised by the president.

Nigeria:

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1. Official name of Nigeria is "The Federal Republic of Nigeria".
2. The name Nigeria was taken from the Niger River running through the country.
3. This name was coined on January 8, 1897, by British journalist Flora Shaw.
4. Nigeria is a Sovereign State located in West Africa.
5. {*Sovereign = The complete right and power of a governing body over itself, without any interference.
6. {*Sovereign State = According to  international law, a political entity that is represented by one centralized government that has sovereignty over a geographic area.
7. It is bordering Chad in the northeast, Niger in the north, Cameroon in the east and Benin in the west.
8. The southern coast of Nigeria is on the Gulf of Guinea in the Atlantic Ocean.
9. Nigeria has an area of 923768 square km  (356668.819 square miles).
10. Population of Nigeria consists of 206,139,589 individuals, based on Worldometer elaboration of the latest United Nations data. 
11. Most of the population is of Muslims.
12. Lagos is the most populous city in Nigeria and the African continent.
13. Lagos has one of the largest and busiest seaports on the the continent Africa.
14. Nigeria is the 12th largest producer of petroleum in the world and the 8th largest exporter.
15. Nigeria holds the position of the richest country in continent Africa.
16. Unfortunately, 40.1 % of population in Nigeria lived in poverty.
17. The Federal Republic of Nigeria got independence on 1st of October in year 1960.
18. Nigeria is the most populous country in Africa, as well as the seventh most populous country in the world.

Abuja:

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1. Abuja is the capital of Nigeria.
2. Abuja has an area of 1,769 square km ( 683.015 square miles ).
3. It lies in the center of Nigeria, in the Federal Capital Territory.
4. {*FCT= The Federal Capital Territory, usually known as FCT, is a government region in central  Nigeria.
5. FCT was framed in 1976 from parts of the states of old Kwara, Niger, Kaduna and Plateau States with the majority of landmass cut out of Niger State.
6. Abuja was made the capital of Nigeria on December 21st, 1991.
7. It is the wealthiest city of Nigeria.
8. Abuja is Nigeria's administrative and political center.
9. It is a key capital on the African landmass because of Nigeria's geo-political impact in regional affairs.
10. Abuja lies at 1,180 feet (360 meters) above sea level.
11. It is bounded on the north by Kaduna State, on the west by Niger State, on the east and southeast by Nasarawa State and on the southwest by Kogi State.
12. Abuja was originally the south-western part of the ancient Habe (Hausa) in the kingdom of Zazzau (Zaria).
13. Zazzau became known as “Abu-Ja” meaning "Abu the red” or “Abubakar" meaning "The fair one" other sources say that the “Ja” is a shortened form of Ishaku Jatau, his father's name.
14. The metro area population of Abuja in 2020 is 3,278,000.

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Language:

1. English is the official language of The Federal Republic of Nigeria, but it is spoken less frequently in rural areas .
2. Nigeria has three national languages. Youruba,
3. Yoruba is a national language spoken in West Africa. The number of speakers of Yoruba is estimated at between 45 and 55 million.
4. Hausa is spoken by the Hausa people, the largest ethnic group in Sub-Saharan Africa, mainly within the territories of Niger, Nigeria, Ghana, Sudan and Cameroon.
5. Third national language of Nigeria is Igbo. The principal native language of the Igbo people, an ethnic group of southeastern Nigeria.
6. Other languages spoken in Nigeria are Eleme, Esan, Etsako, Fulfulde, Gbagyi,Gokana,Humono,Hyam,Ibibio,Idoma,Igala, Igede, Ijaw, Ikwerre, Itsekiri, Jju, Jukun, Kanuri, Margi, Nigerian Pidgin, Ngas, Nupe, Obolo, Ogoni, Okrika, Oron, Tiv, Tyap, Urhobo-Isoko.

Religions:

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1. Overall population of Nigeria has majority of Muslims.
2. 47% (~96885606 people) of the population is Christianity.
3. 53% (~111315378 people) of the population is Islam.
4. The remaining population belong to other or no religions.
5. Irreligion in Nigeria is measured at less than 1% of the population.

Nigerians:

1. The term Nigerian refers to a citizen of Nigeria or a person having  nationality.
2. Nigeria is composed of different ethnic groups and cultures.
3. Nigerians are derive from over 250 ethnic groups.
4. Nigerians speak 527 languages and seven of them are extinct.
5. Nigeria has over 1150 dialects and ethnic groups.
6. The six largest ethnic groups of Nigerians  are the Hausa, the Fulani, the Igbo, the Yoruba, the Tiv and the Efik .

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Government:

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1. Nigeria is a federal republic, with executive power exercised by the president.
2. The president is the head of country/state, the head of government and the head of a multi-party system as well .
3. The president of the Federal Republic of Nigeria is also the commander-in-chief of the Nigerian Armed Forces.
4. The president is elected in national elections which take place every four years.
5. Nigeria started out with a Parliamentary system of government at independence in 1960. Because it was a former British colony.
6. {*Parliamentary system =  Vote based/democratic type of government in which the party with the best representation in the parliament (council) shapes the administration, its leader becoming prime minister or chancellor.
7. The Parliamentary system was switched to a Presidential system in year 1979.
8. {*Presidential system = A democratic or republican government in which the powers of the president are constitutionally separate from those of the legislature .

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Political figures of Nigeria:

1. Muhammadu Buhari is a Nigerian politician.
2. He has been president of Nigeria since 2015.
3. Muhammadu Buhari is a retired Major General of the Nigerian Army and served as military head of state from 1983 to 1985.
4. Oluyemi Oluleke Yemi Osinbajo is a Nigerian lawyer.
5. He is a Nigerian politician who is currently serving as the Vice President of Nigeria, in office since 29th of May in year 2015.
6. The Vice President is elected alongside the President in national elections.
7. The current Senate President of the Federal Republic of Nigeria is Ahmed Ibrahim Lawan.
8. The Senate President is second in line for succession to the Nigerian presidency, after the Vice President of Nigeria.
9. Femi Gbajabiamila, was elected as Speaker of House of Representatives of Nigeria on 12th of June in year 2019 .
10. Ibrahim Tanko Muhammad is the current Chief Justice of Nigeria
11. He was appointed as chief justice on 22nd of March in year 2019.

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GDP of Nigeria:

GDP?

• Gross domestic product (GDP) is a monetary measure of the market value of all the final goods and services produced in a specific time period.

GDP (PPP)?

• Purchasing power parity (PPP) is a measurement of prices in different countries that uses the prices of specific goods to compare the absolute purchasing power of the countries' currencies.

Total GDP  (PPP)        $ 1.275 trillion

Per capita GDP  (PPP)        $5,066

GDP (Nominal)?

• Nominal gross domestic product is gross domestic product (GDP) evaluated at current market prices.
• Nominal differs from real GDP in that it includes changes in prices due to inflation, which reflects the rate of price increases in an economy.

Total GDP  (Nominal)       $ 443 billion

Per capita GDP  (Nominal)     $ 2,149

Currency of Nigeria:

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1. The Naira is the currency of Nigeria.
2. Symbol of Naira is ₦.
3. Naira is subdivided into 100 Kobo.
4. {*Kobo = It is the subdivision of Naira. 1 Naira = 100 Kobo .
5. The naira was introduced on 1 January 1973, replacing the Nigerian pound at a rate of 2 Naira = 1 pound.
6. In 1973, coins were introduced and were replaced by new coins on 28th of February in year 2007.
7. Banknotes of Nigeria are ₦5, ₦10, ₦20, ₦50, ₦100, ₦200, ₦500, ₦1000 And Coins consists of 50 kobo, ₦1 and ₦2 .
8. The personalities on the banknotes of Nigeria are.

•    Sir Abubakar Balewa on 5 Naira note.
•    Alvan Azinna Ikoku on 10 Naira note.
•    General Murtala Muhammed on 20 Naira note.
•    Obafemi Jeremiah Oyeniyi Awolowo on 100 Naira note.
•    Ahmadu Ibrahim Bello on 200 Naira note.
•    Nnamdi Benjamin Azikiwe on 500 Naira note.
•    Alhaji Aliyu Mai Bornu on 1000 Naira note .

Calling code of Nigeria:

1. +234 is the country code for Nigeria.
2. This code was established on October 30, 2000, but phone numbers were not assigned to it until 2003.
3. Mobile phone numbers start with 070, 080, 081 or 090 followed by 8 digits.
4. Area codes in Nigeria are 1 or 2 digits long.
5. Local phone numbers are between 5 and 7 digits long.
6. The length of a phone numbers can differ even within area codes.

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ccTLD of Nigeria:

1. "country code top-level domain" (ccTLD) is an Internet top-level domain generally used or reserved for a country, sovereign state, or dependent territory identified with a country code.
2. All ASCII ccTLD identifiers are two letters long, and all two-letter top-level domains are ccTLDs.
3. The Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Nigeria is (.ng ) .
4. There are various forms of ccTLDs, used in Nigeria for following purposes.
5. com.ng – open domain, commercial entities and businesses.
6. i.ng – open domain, All purpose and businesses.
7. mobi.ng – open domain, suitable for mobile devices.
8. edu.ng – closed domain, degree awarding institutions.
9. mil.ng – closed domain (Nigerian Military Establishments only).
10. net.ng – closed domain, ISP infrastructure.
11. sch.ng – closed domain, Secondary Schools.

Symbol of Nigeria:

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1. The flag of Nigeria ( Designed in 1959 and officially hoisted/raised on 1st of October in year 1960) .
2. {*The flag has three vertical bands of green, white, green. The two green stripes represent Natural wealth, and the white to represent peace and unity. 
3. Michael Taiwo Akinkunmi (Mr. Flag Man) is a retired Nigerian civil servant. He is famous for designing Nigeria's national flag.
4. The national birds of Nigeria are Black Crowned Crane and Eagle (Belongs to the family of Accipitridae ).
5. {*Black Crowned Crane = This is covered with plumage that is black or nearly black. The wings have white and gold sections. Under the head is a small gular pouch which can produce booming noises when inflated. On top of the head is a golden crown.
6. {*Accipitridae Eagles = They eat birds, fish, small mammals, carrion and fruit. They kill their prey by squeezing and puncturing it with their talons/claws.
7. Costus Spectabilis is Nigeria's national flower.
8. {*This flower is found all over Nigeria and it also stand for the beauty of the nation.
9. Coat of Arms of Nigeria is national symbol.
10. The coat of arms of Nigeria consists of a black shield with a wavy white pall, symbolizing the meeting of the Niger and Benue Rivers at Lokoja. The black shield represents Nigeria's fertile soil, while the two supporting horses on each side represent dignity. The Eagle represents strength, while the green and white bands on the top of the shield represent the rich soil.

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